Since November 2021, Delft Solids Solutions has had the capability to test and analyze the causes of caking in powders. This involves assessing the impact of temperature and relative humidity (RH) exposure during various production processes. These factors play a significant role in the behavior of powders, especially in industries where powders are integral to product formulation and production.
What Is Caking?
Caking, or unwanted agglomeration, can be a major issue in powder processing. It transforms powders that are typically free-flowing into challenging materials to handle. Understanding the factors that contribute to caking is essential. The primary factors include humidity, temperature, and consolidation.
When the temperature changes, condensation can occur. In humid conditions, this condensation leads to partial dissolution of powder particles, which forms crystalline bridges between them. As a result, agglomerates are created. Additionally, prolonged consolidation—where external pressures force particles together—can cause mechanical aggregation. The severity of caking varies based on the type of powder being processed and the specific production process.
For example, during powder handling, powders are exposed to varying temperature and humidity conditions. By using tools like the Anton Paar MCR 302, we can assess the RH and temperature levels to optimize production processes. This rheometer helps identify which aspects of the operating process, such as spray drying, mixing, fluidization, or milling, are responsible for caking.
Understanding the Anton Paar MCR 302
The Anton Paar MCR 302 rheometer is an essential tool for analyzing powder behavior. It performs both rotational and oscillatory rheological tests, making it versatile for a wide range of applications. Its modular design allows for easy integration of temperature devices and specialized accessories, further enhancing its functionality.
This system helps assess how powders respond to different conditions, providing valuable data that can guide process improvements. By using the MCR 302, companies can gain deeper insights into how environmental factors like temperature and humidity influence powder properties and caking behavior.
Technical Highlights of the MCR 302
The Anton Paar MCR 302 offers several technical advantages, making it a powerful tool for powder analysis:
- Powerful, synchronous EC motor drive: Ensures precise and stable measurements.
- Fully digital instrument with DSP technology: Enhances data accuracy and processing speed.
- High-precision air bearing: Includes a patented normal force sensor for precise measurements.
- TruGap™: An innovative system for accurately measuring the gap between samples.
- TruRate™: A sample-adaptive controller for rotation and step strain, ensuring precise control.
- TruStrain™: Fast, accurate strain control with real-time position control oscillation.
- Intuitive color display: Provides easy-to-read data and results.
Industry Standards Compliance
The Anton Paar MCR 302 adheres to a wide range of industry standards, ensuring reliability and consistency across various applications. These include:
- ASTM D4440
- ASTM D4473
- ASTM D5279
- DIN 13343
- DIN 1342 1-3
- DIN 3219
- DIN 51810 Part 1
- DIN 51810 Part 2
- DIN 53019-1
- DIN 53019-2
- DIN 54458
- EN 14770
- EN 3219
- Ph. Eur. 0132
- Ph. Eur. 2.2.10 – Rotating viscometer method
- Ph. Eur. 2.2.8 – Viscosity
- ISO 3219
- ISO 6721-1
Conclusion
Caking is a persistent problem in powder processing, but with the right tools and knowledge, it can be managed effectively. By understanding how temperature, humidity, and consolidation affect powder behavior, companies can optimize their processes and prevent caking. The Anton Paar MCR 302 is an invaluable tool in this effort, providing the precision and insight needed to address the complex factors that contribute to caking.
By utilizing advanced technology and adhering to industry standards, businesses can improve their production processes, reduce waste, and enhance the quality of their products.
